Blog #96 – Imperialism Debate (1898)
Before, during, and after the Spanish-American War in 1898, Americans were debating whether or not America should go beyond its borders and become an imperial empire, much like the European countries had done during the 19th Century w/ Asia and Africa. Below are the arguments for and against imperialism and some of its proponents and opponents.
For Imperialism
People for it: Assistant Secretary of the Navy Teddy Roosevelt, Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, Alfred T. Mahan, President William McKinley, Judge William Howard Taft, Admiral George Dewey, Reverend Josiah Strong, former Secretary of State William Seward, and Senator Albert Beveridge.
Arguments for imperialism:
- To give back the Philippines to Spain would be cowardly and dishonorable.
- To let other imperial powers have the Philippines was bad business and discreditable.
- Granting the Filipinos their independence was irresponsible because they are unfit to rule themselves. They need America to civilize, uplift, and Christianize them.
- Imperialism is good for America. It invigorates a nation and keeps it healthy. A slothful nation will victim to those countries that maintain soldierly virtues.
- Annexation of the Philippines would put America into a position to dominate trade with China and the rest of Asia.
- We need the markets and raw materials now. It doesn’t matter that the Philippines are non-contiguous. We didn’t need the purchases and additional areas in the continental U.S., but look at us now! We produce more than we can consume.
- Annexation would be so easy because we already control the islands.
- Filipinos don’t have to become citizens of the U.S., we will treat them as dependents (like we do with the Native Americans). The 14th Amendment won’t apply to them.
- Republicans favored annexation because it made the party look good after winning the war.
Against Imperialism
People against it: Author Mark Twain, former president Grover Cleveland, Speaker of the House Thomas “Czar” Reed, journalist Lincoln Steffens, Jane Addams, former Democratic presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan, AFL chief Samuel Gompers, industrialist Andrew Carnegie, Harvard professor William James.
Arguments against imperialism
- Imperialism is immoral. It repudiates our commitment to human freedom and liberty. We instead think we know what is best for the Filipinos, and that is wrong.
- Nativists fear the pollution of the white American population with inferior Asian races, especially when they are allowed to move to the U.S. Acquisition of the Philippines may require that they become citizens.
- Industrial workers feared the flood of additional cheap labor which would further undercut job opportunities.
- Imperialism puts us in the international stage of world politics and is a constant menace for war. War carries off the physically and mentally fit and leaves behind the lesser fit. It threatens our security, internally and externally.
- The “civilizing” mission some claim is really a cover for a desire to loot the colonies and their natural resources. This misson is self-righteous and pretentious.
- We will inherit Spain’s task of suppressing the native peoples when they rebel. They will NOT want our cultural ways. We will end up like Spain – a shriveling power.
- Can’t we just trade without having to annex other territories?
- Imperialism would involve the need for a large standing army which would become a heavy tax burden.
The country chose imperialism, and the Senate voted for the Treaty of Paris, 1898, 57 to 27, one more vote needed for the 2/3 approval.
Your job:
Pretend you are a senator back in 1898 (yes, you have to do this even if you’re female – we’re time traveling, so you can pretend to be a different gender). Pick a region of the country and a party (both parties were for expansion, especially Southern Democrats). Which arguments hold more sway with you and why? Explain.
Senator Peters-Wood:
As a Southetn Denocrat, a choose to support the senate’s decision on imperialism. Personally, I strongly agree with those supporting imperialism, because we need to continue to appear and remain strong. If we do not attempt to keep or extensions or extend further, we will fall well behind those European powers who have chosen to expand into Africa and Asia. This is not an option, it is a necisity that we remain and/or strive to be the world’s top nation in every imaginable category. Expansion will greatly help our economy as well, by giving us more natural resources and products made in these territories, and giving us better trade opportunities with countries far away from our homeland. Not only will this help us, it will also assist the citizens of the countries that we shall expand into, by helping to strengthen their government and exonomy, while also granting them an increase in overall safety. Another reason that I am for expanison, is because I disagree with some of the reasons of the opposition immensely. For example, one reason that people opposed to imperialism have, is they are worried that non Caucasian people will become citizens. Racist thoughts are not a reason to deny our country an action that will benefit is all. Once we annex the land, we do not need to force our culture upon the people, we will just use their land as a way to economically and securley benefit us both. As long as we treat the citizens of the are right and make sure that he expansion benefits both of us, then there is no loss for anybody. Imperialism is necessary, for it will boost our economy, strengthen our worldwide presence, and keep our nation active and strong. As long as we handle this ethically and properly, I am all for the expansion process.
As a Southern Democrat, I feel very strongly in favor of imperialism, especially for the third reason. I believe that the Filipino people are not responsible enough to run their own government. We took over and they have been better off since. With their annexation, we can help them get to the point that the states have reached of self government. We can also spread the Christian faith to them. They don’t have any idea of morals or principals, and the spread of Christianity to them will help them to become more human. It would be easy to manage them because we could do what we have done for the Indians. The 14 amendment will not apply to them and we can put them into American school. We will teach them how the Western World works and give them morals as a means to civilize them. Since the war is over, we can make ourselves look powerful and strong by annexing these Islands. If we leave these islands on their own, another imperial power will take over and take advantage of these poor people. Also, if we do not show the world that we are strong and they see that we aren’t even strong enough to take over a couple of islands, they will think we are cowards and try to invade our land and take our people. These people could even go back to Spain and that would look terrible on our part since we just beat the Spanish in the war. We should take the Philippines from the Spanish so that we know that they lost the war and that we are more powerful than them. Finally, I see no reason to not annex the Philippines. We already control them, so I don’t understand why we wouldn’t want to annex them.
I am Harold Peabody, a Republican senator from the great commonwealth of Massachusetts. At this point in the progress of America, the great debate surrounding imperialism has come to a head. After reviewing the arguments both for and against this system, I strongly advise that this nation stray away from the pitfalls of imperialism. Simply put, imperialism is selfish. While it may benefit America economically, it does this at the cost of another nation. Under this vile system, the only way for us to prosper is if a faraway land suffers. That is simply un-American. Wealth gained from oppressing other humans does not enrich our nation. Some may argue that imperialists aren’t oppressing others but are in fact helping them. That mindset is not only misleading but incredibly dangerous. To think that these foreign nations need our help to be “civilized” just because their ways of life are not the same as ours in grossly intolerant and irresponsible. Even if these countries did need “saving,” it would not be the job out America to do so. Additionally, expanding our empire overseas will do nothing but raise the likelihood for global conflict. The countries, like the Philippines, need to be left on their own. It would not be cowardly, but respectable.
Economic arguments for imperialism are slightly stronger than moral ones, but they still cannot sway me. Some suggest that annexing the Philippines would gain us a strong trading partner – which is true – but why can’t we trade with an independent Philippines? Why do they have to be part of our empire to do business with us? On the issue of the need for new markets and raw materials, imperialism still is not the answer. I feel that as American businesses face these issues, this is a sign for us to change our ways in order to adapt to the changing global economy. Instead of taking over foreign lands, businesses can adopt a more conservationism mindset. If the problem persists, we can import raw materials from other nations without exploiting them.
The issue of imperialism is quite complicated, but the response is simple. It must be stopped.
I am a Republican Senator from Maine and I am completely swayed by the argument against imperialism. As a citizen and member of the United States government I am abhorred and appalled by the double standard that this government continues to perpetuate. This country preaches that it is the homeland of freedom and yearns to be the only moral country that “liberates” the victims from the oppressors, when we ourselves are about to become the very thing we have vilified against. Yes, we see that the people of the Philippines are desperate for liberation from the Spanish empire who have brutally treated this tiny island country. If this country is as true to its moral beliefs as many pro-imperialists preach, please consider the ramifications of imperialism on the Philippines. We are essentially swapping places with the evil Spanish and commanding the same control over the Filipino people. These people need liberation from imperialization, they need to be left alone, so that they can develop their own cultures, government, and traditions without the interruption of anglo-saxon countries interfering with their development. I can not stand for the lie that by imperializing the Philippians we are cleansing and “civilizing” these people. Civilizations takes place in many forms and fashions, there is not one correct way of government. If we were truly a liberating and peace keeping nation, that we have claimed to be we would not have hidden intentions of exploiting the Filipinos’ land of their natural resources. What kind of liberating and moral nation are we if use a false claim of hope to cover the hell of the reality that we truly want to perpetuate. The Filipino people have had enough of imperialization by the Spanish as shown through their continued rebellion. We have seen the effects of this rebellion on Spain-soon they will only barely be able to take care of their country. The people of the Philippines do not and will not easily conform to a new imperialist nation and the struggle that will pursue in the future in order to contain these people will have a cost that will bare its effects through every pore of the U.S. Industrial workers in our homeland will suffer the most as companies discover cheaper labor in the Filipino people, as they will be exploited to the highest mark. These workers and their families will starve as they can no longer work for a decent wage because companies will have withdrew their workforce from America and into the abused country. This country can not continue to bleeding helpless countries dry, we have to stop US imperialization here.
Democratic senator, Georgia.
Out of the many arguments we have that support the righteous struggle of America in the foreign sphere, arguments 1, 3, and 4 appeal to myself the most. The Spanish have affronted us with the sinking of the Maine, and we cannot let that go unpunished. The world should know that if you play stupid games, you win stupid prizes. Seizing the Philippines is adequate punishment for the Spanish, as they dared to mess with us. Let it be known around the world that anyone who dares to violate our God-given republic shall rue the day they made the foolhardy decision to interrupt our peaceable way of life.
Americans fought, bled, and died in the Spanish-American War-many of them Southerners. It would be insulting and disgraceful for us to throw away their sacrifice and give away all the spoils we have obtained. Surrendering our rightful protectorate in this way also shows weakness-that we see Spain not just as equals, but as betters, and this will only weaken our national spirit and invite other European powers to prey upon us. In order to remain strong, to stand tall, if not taller than the Europeans while still remaining both better and excluded from their petty political disputes, we must engage in the spirit of expansionism.
As is seen by the mighty nation which we have created, we are the masters of democracy. We have, of our own wisdom, built a republic capable and worthy of God’s test of time. It is our duty to spread this fruits to the rest of the world-we must not be stingy or greedy in our ways. The Filipinos are unfit to rule and unknowing of democracy, the republic, civilization, and Christianity. As betters, it is our inherent job to assist them as they climb the ladder of progress. Someone must do God’s work, and that duty is enshrined to us.
Many a great nation-the Romans, the Greeks-have collapsed due to internal decadence and discord. Such trends are caused by a collapse of moral society. In order for us to preserve our society and way of life, we must engage in imperialism as a way of refreshing ourselves from the sloth of isolation. By spreading our righteous moral views across the globe, we remind ourselves of the American spirit and our national culture, and are thus permanently bound to uphold this sacrosanct system until our deaths.
There is the wrong, and the right form of imperialism (based on morals), for example, the Philippines if we also annex them to ensure their wellbeing, on this subject I am for imperialism, and to obtain the Philippines as a new state, and or states if they chose to because it is their choice to become a new state in America, and now if their people would become oppressed by others of their people we could take a small military establishment to help if they would like. This would be an easy way to show how much we care about a potential little brother/ sister state that we may obtain. If they did become the newest state of America we would quickly establish trade routes that would be sufficient for our progress together, and we would be completely obliged to allow the same trade functions that we have with other states and would allow them to have the same taxes as we do with other states, and for military power we could send a sufficient amount of ships, soldiers, weaponry, etc.… to create forts to train some of their people in combat, and military tactics to allow a more relatable character to train some of the Filipinos. We would also build up their economy to be just like ours, making it more stable, and have advanced technologies that would support them with their advancement. On and on the same hand, the Filipino people, in general, would have the choice to become a citizen or not, and this would also allow more freedom of their choices a better way to look upon this is that it would be restricted upon us that we would not be able to “rule” them as our puppet state that has no rights what so ever. If we did something more like on the other hand what Japanese imperialism and even European imperialism with their empire concurring without giving freedom to the concurred, and later leaving them to die, then we would be no better than savages. We would have to create our own imperialism that does not trample over others to build us up and destroy the imperialized people, and instead, help them with us. Mutually benefiting each other. This would also set a good example for our democratic ideals, and capitalist function, and could even turn over even the worst of communist ideals that may spread thus benefiting the world in return. My thoughts are not based off the sway others may hold on me, but how I perceive what is wrong, and right in my eyes. And this includes the thought that all humans are created equal, and it is their responsibility to remain that way no matter the question of race, or gender. And I also ask not to twist my words into saying if there is not, or is equality in this world, and who may hold it because I will not tell you as a person who is, or is not equal anyways.
If I were a Republican senator in the North, I would definitely choose the argument for imperialism, rather than against it. As a Republican, I favor high protective tariffs, which would protect big business against competition. Overseas expansion could result in national greatness. Using naval powers to build an empire, the arguments towards imperialism are definitely what I would lean towards. Expanding big businesses would be great for the American economy, along with dominating trade with China and other parts of Asia. On top of that, the Republican party would look amazing if they ended up getting the Treaty of Paris ratified and after the war had just previously ended. Sitting back and allowing other strong, powerful imperial powers to take the Philippines made the Republican party, and America itself, look dishonorable and it would most definitely be considered bad business. Industrialists within the nation could expand their business around the world, and they could secure markets all around the world.
Annexing the countries would be extremely easy, considering America had finally become a true world power, considering our population, industrial production, and strong military. As a world power, it feels as though it is our duty to become an imperialist nation, not only for our own benefits, but for the benefit of other countries. The Philippines aren’t fit to lead themselves, and by annexing them we’re ultimately helping them, while helping ourselves. Lots of Northern business owners depend on trading with foreign countries, and becoming an imperialist power allows our nation to expand our trade, which would thus result in great results for big businesses. Other countries were beginning to see America as a strong power, and being willing to become active within international lines would show the other countries such as Britain, France, and other European nations that America is to be a leading power within the world.
I am a southern democrat senator, and I want the US to become an imperialistic nation. After the Depression of 1893, America was producing many goods but none of these goods are being consumed. I think if we annexed the Philippines we could trade with the Asian countries, and improve our economy. If we are already control the islands why don’t we just annex it and get their resources. The country and their people are a mess, and they need our help anyway. Also, it’s our morale duty as Americans to promote Christianity through Manifest Destiny. The poor Filipinos are lost and only Americanizing and Christianizing them will make them a stronger group of people. Even if the Filipinos resist our cultural influence, we could have them live peacefully as the Native Americans do in our own country. This would also solve the problems of an overflow of cheap labor workers, and the mixing of white and Asian cultures. It’s a win-win situation.
The US cannot get control of the Philippines and then give back control to the country. This action is viewed as weak foreign policy by the majority of the public. America is a strong nation, and we need to take what’s rightfully ours. Some of my colleagues explain that imperializing another country is immoral, and think we should mind our own business. However, we already conquered the island and giving it back to Spain could make the US look like an easy target for other nations. Also, if our economy is failing, why wouldn’t we take advantage of already controlled lands. It will be beneficial to acquire new territory, expand our trade markets, and receive an abundant amount of natural resources that are only located around Asia. Many others, Teddy Roosevelt, President McKinley, and Taft, agree with my views on imperialism.
Under the Presidency of McKinley, the United States have undergone many debates on imperialism and the future of the country. I, an Eastern Republican Senator, agree with the project of imperialism, and will support my President, knowing he will make good decisions and excellent choices. We’ve taken the Philippines from the Spanish. This will provide us with a great trading to exchange our products with Asia. Our President McKinley has made the right decision of keeping the islands. Some men argue that it is immoral and against our constitution, and that we shouldn’t have to annex a country to trade with it. I believe, as the rest of my party, that we are only helping the habitants of the Philippine Islands survive and rise to a higher level. Without our help, they would be taken over by another country, and live through the same nightmare as the Spanish. Many are concerned with the fact that they would have to become American citizens. But our administration will make sure that they won’t become citizens, and be like the Indians, independent from us. We have just won the war with the Spanish, and it would be a shame to have done it for nothing. We already have control over the islands, and going through with the annexation would be the right path to follow.
Our country has encountered major problems, and now it is about over-production. Jobs are getting harder to get and less and less products are being bought. With more islands, we won’t only get a strategic trading spot, but will also obtain more consumers to buy our goods. We are going against the ideals of our country, but those originated when we were a smaller country. Now we’ve become one of the biggest economic powers in the world, and expansion is our next step and tier to reach the top. We need more raw materials to continue producing for our people and provide a good future for the ones after us. The annexation of the Philippines, and other countries in South America, is our reward for liberating them from the Spanish evil and giving them a better life with our ideals.
In 1898, if I were to be a senator, I would be a Republican from Ohio. Since I am Republican, I would sway towards the pro imperialist side. I supported the war to get the Philippines. I believe that America would look cowardly if we give Spain the Philippines. Why would America want to give up the land they have gotten? This would look bad upon America. It would be dishonorable and cowardly. The Philippines are unfit to rule themselves. They need America to help guide them to civilization. America would be able to help and Christianize them. Imperialism has been a part of America since it started. We have always gained new land, and are continually helping other nations become civilized. It helps America keep healthy. American can’t become lazy because then we would become less than other countries. With the annexation of the Philippines, America would gain trade. It will help put America into trade with Asia. America produces too much and doesn’t consume enough of our goods. Since America already has control over the islands, it would be really easy to just annex it. I know some nativists are worried about the Filipinos becoming citizens, but I don’t think you have anything to worry about. We can treat them like dependents. America already does this with the Native Americans. The fourteenth amendment will not apply to the Filipinos because they won’t be citizens. The annexation of the Philippines will look good for my party after just winning the war. I would sway toward the pro imperialist side because I believe that America should always be looking for ways to improve. This doesn’t just apply to inside our country. We should also be looking for ways to improve nations around us. Philippines are just one example of this. They aren’t fit to run themselves, therefore, America needs to step in a guide them along. As a Republican, I believe that imperialism would help keep America healthy, and help continually grow our democracy.
If I was a Senator way back in 1898, I would want to be a Northern Republican. I say this because I am against the Imperialistic ideals of the late 19th century. When America an imperialistic nation like that of England and Spain was a very bad and hypocritical thing for the Nation to do. I say this because for hundreds of years America was in the same position as the Treaty of Paris put Cuba, Puerto Rico, Philippines, Hawaii, and Guam in. Before 1776, America was the little brother of the imperialistic nation of England. We suffered their taxes, laws, and fighting. Now the same country that suffered from England put in 5 other places that could have been a thriving nations however 57 senators denied them the right of their own life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
Pro-imperalistic people claim they want to do it to trade and make money off the colonies (which is mercantilism, the same thing England had done to us), but there is no reason we could not have traded them without making them apart of our “empire”. We did not have to fight a war just to make money off of foreign places, and if we did not trade with them, it is not very hard to stop producing more stuff so there wouldn’t be a huge supply of unwanted items.
Lastly, I strongly believe that imperialism puts us in the eyes of many powerful imperialistic nations (like England, France, and Spain). At this time, the country is still somewhat young and can not afford to constantly fight with other imperialistic nations like they have been fighting each other for the past hundreds of years. Like Washington said in his farewell address, America does not need to get entangled with European Affairs. Becoming a imperialistic nation would do just that for the country.
The region and party that I will pick are the Southern Democrats. The Southern Democrats really liked imperialism and wanted to do it. Their are a lot of arguments that hold more sway with me. I would agree that giving back the Philippines to Spain would make us look weak and it would not be good for us. Why not keep the land and use it. The Senator also wants to convert them to Christianity and wanted them to become more Americanized. The Southern Democrats thought that imperialism would make America very strong. We also want to make more money by trading with countries in Asia like China. Annexing the Philippines would make it so much more easy to trade with them. Keeping this land would also help us with getting the raw materials and the markets. The Philippines would really help us do that. An argument against imperialism says that there would be a lot of cheap labor and people would lose their jobs. The Southern Democrats would be happy about this cheap labor because they would gain a lot more profit and become much richer. In argument 7 it says that it would be easy to annex the islands because we already control them. This means that it would not cost that much for us to do it and we can get so much out of it. We also wouldn’t have to make them citizens and they can do whatever they want in their island and we don’t have to control them. Saying that imperialism is immoral is weird because we wouldn’t really be telling the Filipinos what to do, they would just be on their own. The Southern Democrats backed imperialism because it just helps our country a lot economically and socially. The country finally realized that imperialism was good for our country and wanted it.
I am a senator from the North and part of the Republican Party. I am in favor of imperialism and expansion. As part of the industrial north, the argument with the most sway would be that we need raw materials and we need more markets to expand into. Since the North is heavily involved in producing goods, we could use the resources to keep producing and the markets to sell the goods to, since northern manufacturing had been over manufacturing goods. This is even more important since we have just gotten out of a depression which was caused in part by the over saturation of American goods in the American market. Through the annexation of the Philippines and other areas, we would open up new markets for American goods to be sold in. Expansion has worked for us in the past, so why should we stop now. Another major point that goes with this is that annexing these islands would put us in a better position to trade. Another influential argument for imperialism is that the Philippines would help us immensely trade with other nations, such as China and other parts of Asia. To have part of America so close to one of the biggest markets on Earth would help a lot with our trade there and make us a dominant trading partner. This would help American goods to expand into Asia and further help our northern industry. Finally, The annexation of these lands would also to continue to make our party look good. After being successful in the Spanish American war, we should be able to reap the benefits. Annexing these islands would remind the public that we were the ones that fought for these countries against the tyrannical Spain. We could then get increased support and we might be able to ride this support into the election and get more Republicans in Congress and in the White House.
In 1898, I am Senator Brett Hutchison of North Dakota. I am a supporter of imperialism for several reasons. First off, I view the Spanish American War as a conflict meant to free a suppressed people, the Cubans and Filipinos, from the evils of the Spanish crown. Winning this war would gain us respect from the international community and strengthen America’s role as a leader for democracy. Acting as the liberators of the Philippines and Cuba would give us the image of encouraging the ideals of our own Revolution by helping a rebellious people achieve independence. One of the primary cases for imperialism is to expand our trade to new regions in Asia and the Caribbean through annexation, though I believe long-term annexation is wrong, as it is hypocritical and un-American to fight a war to free a nation and then take it over. The expansion of US trade into the Philippines and the Caribbean would further extend our influence by exposing more people to American goods and, more importantly, American ideas of democracy. Such ideas would spread further throughout the world until a great many are inspired by the US and its political stability, and wish to copy our system. In addition, these people are not yet ready for self-rule; they have not yet been taught the skills necessary to survive in a world as competitive and harsh as this one. They need to be taught how to self govern, much as a way a child learns how to survive on their own in the real world from a parent, and learning to do so requires time to teach them the best way to survive. Though I’ve said I am against annexation of foreign lands, I did not mean it in the sense of taking over and controlling them for centuries. Controlling an island for 10 years is much different from ruling it for 100 years; in 10 years, we can instill democratic values upon the liberated peoples of the former Spanish colonies until they are mature and ready enough to elect their own officials, form their own governments, and create social stability. In the same timeframe, we can also create new markets by encouraging the former colonies to buy American goods, trade with the US, and protect American interests already found in the colonies.
Being democratic senator from the north eastern region of the United States, I am against imperialism being brought upon our nation. We should not be the ones to just march into someone else’s country and take hold of their people and society, its just wrong. It is also very hypocritical because the British forefathers of our time brought imperialistic ideas to our country and we hated it. Why would we even take time to think of why that is a good idea if we were against it since the birth of our nation? Also, there is no reason to go and invade other colonies across the world if we are seeking trade, we can just trade with them without taking hold and annexing their land. This could also result in detrimental losses of trade if these countries see us as imperial monsters who go around and take over other civilizations. Additionally, with the weight of imperialism comes a need for soldiers to be put into place in the places we would bring imperialism to, unless we would want the people there to run wild and not follow our rules. Although, with the need for more soldiers would drive taxes upward, making the people of America unhappy and same with the government as well because no one likes taxes obviously. With all of these issues at hand, we would also likely see an uprising with the society we are trying to bring imperialism to. Like our great grandfather and grandmothers who settled in America at the time Britain was an imperialist nation towards us, we were so upset about how they treated us we didn’t only start a revolution but also started a war which we won. I’m not saying by any means that our nation isn’t powerful enough to conquer others, but people regardless would lose lives and pointless wars could be started as well due to imperialism being brought to other nations not like our own. All in all, imperialism would bring great corruption to our nation and also could potentially cause something as big as a war.
Imperialism Blog
As a strong Republican from the Midwest, I find Imperialism to be the bane of American existence. Why isn’t the land we have enough? Our greed and pride is what is going to involve us in conflicts that are tedious and unnecessary, needless to say a waste of money and materials. Our expansion into the West was a glorious sight that will be remember throughout our great history. Although I disagree with the placement of Native Americans, the conquering of the West was beneficial to our society and kept American values in check. Expanding into the Philippines will not exemplify American values. They are a decently developed populous society, that we do not need to intrude upon. We have not grown up in the Philippine culture, and we have no place taking their culture away from them because we “think” it’s what’s best for them. The annexation of the Philippines may disrupt our Anglo-Saxon society that is already tainted with African Americans. Why should we allow our race to stoop down to their level, when we could soar above them and show them what Americans are really capable of? Not only would the increase Imperialism taint our white society, but there is already a fight for the workforce. Our cities and industries are packed full or workers trying to provide for their families, but if we gained an influx of new citizens, the new workers would take up all the new jobs. We all know that the new citizens would be jumping at the opportunity for labor, and because they don’t have the classic American ideals, they would work for less than the average worker. Now how is that fair?
While we are a booming economy, we are still working our kinks in our system. What would happen if we disrupted the relative peace in our economy by annexing new territories? We wouldn’t be able to focus on the problems at hand. That leads me to my next point, by expanding our country outside of the continent we are at risk for conflicts from other nations. Conflict is always occurring, and war is a mess, so the expanding of our territory could lead to more conflicts and security issues. We may say we have the best intentions in annexing new Asian territories, but it is really just a ploy for American greed. I can guarantee that the sole mission behind this Imperialism is not to help the people of the new territories, but instead exploit their land for natural resources. Our country doesn’t have enough resources with our oil and other productions, no, we need to go and take from other territories that may have some more resources than we do after we have scraped the bottom of the barrel of our own greed. There is no need to control territories just for trade. With a decent trade system and understanding, we can sufficiently trade the resources we need with these territories and focus on our own problems within our own country. Along with the threat of new war, the annexed territories will have cause for a larger army force and more money funding the army. Why take on another heavy burden if we don’t have to?
Imperialism is just another example of American greed that has racked our country for decades. Though it tended to serve us well in the 1600s, a line needs to be drawn, the Philippines is that line. There is no need to disrupt what we have now and potentially put our nation into dangerous situations across the sea. As a Republican from the great Midwest, please, fight against the forces of Imperialism.
Hello, I am northern Republican senator Alex Hidalgo. The arguments about imperialism that hold the most sway with me are the anti-imperialism ones. I have two focal problems with Imperialism that in my opinion are the key factors to this debate, with the first being cultural oppression. When a country intrudes on another one and starts to get more involved with it, some things are inevitably going to happen. One of these occurrences is typically the Imperial powers attempt to teach and mold the “inferior” citizens. This type of mindset feeds into the superiority complex that expansionists oftentimes have. It strips the people in the home country of their economic rights, their culture and language, and their countries traditions. The imperial power will force feed its customs down the throat of people who want nothing to do with it. Also, this “cleansing” of the inferior people is oftentimes a ruse to cover for a desire to loot the colonies and their natural resources. A mission like this one is self-righteous and pretentious. The other issue that I have with imperialism is a moral one. It seems hypocritical that a land built from fighting off an oppressive foreign entity is now on the track to become one. Imperialism weakens and even takes away natural rights such as human freedom and liberty. Self-determination is also an important principle that Americans fought long and hard for, yet we’re attempting to deny that very principle to our Philippian counterparts. We Americans think that we know what is best for the Filipinos, but that is wrong. The Filipinos certainly don’t want a new enemy to fight for freedom against! The Filipinos thirst for freedom and to annex them would directly violate the “consent of the governed” philosophy in the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. It is morally wrong, and dare I say arrogant to assume that we know better than the Filipinos do. So, I say to all my fellow senators: Do the right thing and vote against imperialism!
As a Southern Democratic Senator, I am all for imperialism and expansion for the United States. The courageous soldiers of the United States fought the Spanish-American War in order to end the Spanish empire and acquire new lands such as the Philippines. If we gave the Philippines back to Spain, it would mark the United States as a cowardly nation who is unfit to colonize new territories. On top of this, all of our soldier’s hard work would have been for nothing, which would anger the public. If we don’t imperialize the Philippines, another major power will, which could put the Philippines in an even worse situation, as well as we would be giving up free land. The Filipinos are a young, irresponsible country. They would be worse off without the United States guiding and supporting them at the beginning of their independence. The United States can help civilize them, as well as provide them with the teachings of Christianity to spread the word of God. Economically speaking, acquiring the Philippines would put the United States in a great position to trade with many of the Asian powers such as China, India, and Japan. This would tremendously boost our failing economy as we are producing way more than we are consuming, but we could sell our products to Asia. We can easily annex the Philippines, as we already control the islands. Filipinos don’t even have to become citizens; they can just become dependents on the United States like the Native Americans. I don’t see why people argue against imperializing the Philippines. Between the tremendous boost in our economy and the moral values of helping the Philippines join a country as great as the United States, there should be no reason not to take action. Above all else, expanding our empire and acquiring new land is always a good thing, as we have more leverage around the world, and we are continuing with manifest destiny.
I am Hassan Dabliz a Democratic senator from Wyoming and I am against imperialism. My biggest reason for being against imperialism is “Industrial workers fear the flood of additional cheap labor which would further undercut job opportunities.” And this is a big issue because we are as a country going through a depression, jobs are low and because of this we need all the jobs that we can get here at home. How does it make sense for us to take over another country and “fix” it when we are nowhere near perfect, it doesn’t make any sense. Even if we were a perfect country morally it doesn’t make sense to take over another country, one we are exploiting their resources for our own use, and two the people don’t get to be Americans and enjoy the same rights and liberties that we do. So we go in there and make them a “democracy” and then leave them when we feel like they are ok enough to handle themselves. How does any country become great? Look at Britain they are self-made, France is self-made, and us the U.S we fought off a mother country so that we could become great by ourselves. Imperialism would make us need to expand our army, and that becomes a tax burden on our country. We are going through a depression so people don’t need to be paying more tax, what we need to be doing is saving our money so that we can recover and be out of this depression. With imperialism comes the possibility of a rebellion, and rebellions can lead to war and our country does not need to face the possibility of war every time we decide to invade a country for the purpose of “fixing it” it is too much of a risk and with war comes a loss of resources, money, lives and our reputation as a country. Overall imperialism is wrong and can only cause more damage than good.
I am Senator Stansberry, and I am a Southern Democrat in 1898. I strongly believe that imperialism and expansion is the key to success and strength for our country. The ideas that appeal to me the most are 3, 8, 5, and 6. Though some citizens are worried about an increase in these Filipino minorities in our country, they really shouldn’t be as the Filipinos will not be forced as our citizens, and will be taught to self-governed by us. Clearly they aren’t doing much over there, like the Native Americans were when we settled in America. When conquering the Natives land, it is obvious that it has been going better over here, so who says the same won’t happen with the Philippines? We can use similar methods to the Filipinos as we did to the Indians, like with converting. Christianity can include helping them get better morals and lifestyles, so that would be good for these people to at least notice and find themselves better. Though, we shouldn’t exactly force our culture onto these people, only when it could be necessary. When we do have this land, they won’t be forced into becoming a citizen or living with our culture. They will be left to do whatever like the Indians were. Also this land will be great for our economy! We can use this land for more uses than the Filipinos ever had, and we can get more resources from it. Also adding onto help with our economy, if we annex it, we can get better trade with far away nations like China and the rest of Asia. This will increase our world power as well, making us not fall behind other nations like Europe who also expanded into Asia. Therefore imperialism/expansion is important for our nation to strive in this world.
I would be a senator from the northeast region of the country. After listening to both sides I would be against imperialism. I believe that imperialism is immoral. It is not right for us to go into the Philippines and try to “civilize” them. It is not right for us to push our ways onto other people with different cultures. We need to stop the thinking of it is “our way or no way” attitude. It is appalling that we cannot look at other countries and say that they are not civilized because it is not how America is civilized. We are a country that talks a lot about freedom and how we are the home of the free, but we are willing to only apply to whom we see fit. Having us send in forces to “help” them would be going against our liberties. We left England because our freedoms and liberties were not being met. Why would the Philippians not do the same this to use? We would just end up like Spain with Cuba; they would rebel and we will have another war on our hands. The Filipinos will not take to us kindly if we go into their country. They will be confused on why America is there and then realize what we are doing. And what we are doing is completely wrong. They will be angry and revolt. America does not need take on the responsibility of “civilizing” another country. We have internal stuff that is going on. We could put in more time on fixing the conditions in factories that people work in. We can work on helping the environment. There are other things America can be doing rather than doing something is totally immoral. We do not want to end up like Spain, which is going to happen if we enter the Philippians. The Filipinos are not going to play nice and why should they? We are enter their country for so we as a nation do not look like a coward and to get a good trading spot. That is just disgusting. We have no rights to interfere with the Philippians. We as a nation need to stop looking at people like dolls that do not matter.
If I, Danielle Lutz, was a senator back in 1898, I would be a Republican from the North East area, somewhere around Ohio or Massachusetts. Being a republican during this time period, I would be for imperialism ideals in the late 19th century and stand with my president, William McKinley. The war between the Spanish and America was to free the Cubans and Filipinos from the Spanish ruling and the Americans succeeded so we, the Americans, must take care of our winnings. If the Americans were to not seize the Philippine’s country, it would look as if the Spanish-American War, the blood and sweat that went into it, was all for nothing. We would be helping a helpless country achieve independence if we stayed. Americans taking the Philippines was good because it opened up trade with Asia and the Caribbean. This would also further extend our ideas of democracy and American goods would be expanded to countries all over the world. If Americans were to no longer have control of the Philippines, nobody would help them to become more educated and cultured. Their country is unfit to rule themselves so if we abandoned them, they would just be taken over by another country. There are issues with the American people becoming worried that these people will become United States citizens but a good example of their status would be the Indians, they are independent from the American citizens. Putting them into American schools will be a good way to teach them the ways of the Western World. As a country, if America does not take this land, they will look weak to the rest of the world. We want to look like a superior nation who can easily take over a few islands. In conclusion, as a republican, I am for imperialism.
I’m Senator Rania Abbasi, a Democratic senator from Ohio. I am against US imperialism. I think a couple of the main arguments stand out to me first; like the fact that we think we know what is right for the Filipinos. Imperialism has always been around and it’s based off the principle that the colonizer/imperialist knows what’s best for everyone else – which is wrong. I know that this is the most generic argument when it comes to imperialism; because ultimately, I’m sure imperialism is inevitable. Countries will have conflict about something or want each other’s resources. This kind of goes along with number 5: “The “civilizing” mission some claim is really a cover for a desire to loot the colonies and their natural resources. This mission is self-righteous and pretentious.” Obviously, imperialism will always happen and I think a lot of the time it’s a self-righteous concept. However, on certain occasions, imperialism could be necessary because the country is asking for some sort of aid. One of the arguments that I like more against imperialism is that it puts us on the international stage of world politics and is a constant menace for war – which threatens our internal and external security. If we provoke another country because we want to exploit their resources or get something from them to benefit us, it’s likely we’re on the frontline for war with them. War is obviously dangerous in general because it affects not only those fighting, but the country as whole. It disrupts the internal balance. This point could be argued alongside number 8; we would need a large standing army which would become a heavy tax burden. The citizens would be upset about this, of course. I can understand some of the points of those that are pro-imperialism, however I think the arguments based off of WASPs colonizing others that aren’t like them are not strong/won’t benefit anyone besides the WASPs.
I Grover Cleveland, a democrat from New Jersey is against Imperialism. There are many reasons why I don’t like it and one of them is the fact that it will only raiser tax dollars. With new territory means more people needed to be controlled/protected (army, governors, etc) – and where do you think that money is going to come from? Our tax dollars! That also raises the question of why we have to annex these territories? Cant we trade without taking on more land?? No one is going to want to trade with us in fear that we are going to annex them! The new land is just more responsibility we don’t need! We have our own problems at home (tariffs, government corruption, etc) we don’t need to be taking on more duties. Also! Wheres our sense of nationalism?? We will be taking on a country full of people who are more than likely to want jobs over here. This would take away jobs and lower the wages of the Americans here! We cant have these people hurting our country by taking away jobs and setting us back in the strides we have made towards better working environments. Not only would it hurt our workers but the annexation of countries could plunge us into war! We are too involved in foreign affairs and taking over these territories put us in the spotlight and could anger certain nations that will attack! Lastly though, when it comes down to it, its all about morals. We value human freedom and liberty, how are we honoring that when we are taking over these countries? We are doing just the opposite! While some may think we are helping them, we are in fact hurting them and not letting them solve their own questions. If they need help they will ask — we shouldn’t just assume.
If I were to travel back to 1898, I don’t know which party or what region I would want to be a part of. Since I like warm weather, let’s say I’m from Alabama, and that means I would be a Southern Democrat. Being a Southern Democrat, the most persuasive argument for imperialism would be that we need the markets and raw materials now. It doesn’t matter that the Philippines are non-contiguous. We didn’t need the purchases and additional areas in the continental U.S., but look at us now! We produce more than we can consume. I believe this would be the most persuasive argument because many Southern Democrats would represent producers of food and cotton and other goods that need to be sold to a larger market. By having the Philippines, meaning there would be a larger market for my constituents, meaning they are happy, meaning that I get to keep my cushy Washington job for at least another term. Another argument that may pull me towards imperialism would be that annexation of the Philippines would put America into a position to dominate trade with China and the rest of Asia. This runs along the same lines of the first: bigger market = happy people= re-election. However, one argument that may shift me away from imperialism would be that imperialism would involve the need for a large standing army which would become a heavy tax burden. As a Southern Democrat, I would be against large amounts of taxes and I’m sure my constituents, would feel the same way (as you see I talk about the constituents a lot. I’m not exactly sure what happens in Washington, but I feel like a lot of it is about being re-elected and pleasing the constituents). In conclusion, as a Southern Democrat I would want imperialism for its larger markets, but not want it for the possibility of more taxes.
I, Jordan Shefman, a Republican senate representing the state of New York, do not support this country’s imperialist views. In my eyes, imperialism can only lead to one thing: war. War is inevitable with imperialism. No country is ever gladdened to see another country take land that is potentially theirs, and I can assure you no country will willingly be taken over. No, imperialism always leads to fighting and fighting always leads to lives lost. In our current situation, we are trading just fine with other territories, without having to annex them. Why change that? Why do we want to possibly ruin relations for the chance, to expand our empire? As of now, we are an economic superpower. Also with war, comes the need for a larger standing army, yet another tax burden put on our people. I can tell you for a fact that nobody likes paying taxes. Going away from the topic of war, imperialism would most definitely bring new people to the US, people that would take away jobs from US born citizens that have lived here all their lives. What makes a recently-made-citizen more qualified to work than a US citizen for life? Many of you would say nothing, but you are the same people that also hired the new citizen over the life-long one. As for those of you who are for imperialism, almost all of your arguments are about America’s image, not the actual outcome. You don’t want to look cowardly, you don’t want to look dishonorable. You don’t want to look like you’re involved in bad business. All valid points, yet all still irrelevant. Yes, deciding to not take over a helpless territory may make you look weak, but you will also then be underestimated. Might I remind you that America was born because people believed them to be weak and underestimated them. Think about that. So in conclusion, while you argue for imperialism and how it will make us look bigger, better, and more powerful, I am less concerned with our public image, and more so on what the actual outcomes will be.
I am Senator Joseph B. Shapero and I am a strong supporter of imperialism. I am part of the democratic party and reign from the great state of Georgia. Many ideas of imperialism appeal to me including the fact that if we as Americans can annex the Philippines, it would put us into a position to dominate trade with China and the rest of Asia. This seems like a clear advantage for imperialism. The annexation of this one small country, could lead us to new heights in trade around the world. This helps us stay at the top of the world powers and start even better relations with countries we otherwise may not have had like China. Another huge reason why we should push for imperialism is that if we grant the Filipinos their independence, they will be unfit to rule themselves. These people need our American support to civilize, uplift, and Christianize them. This method can even be proven, as only about 50 years ago, we annexed Texas and soon admitted them into our great country. Look at Texas now, full of great towns and cities as we helped civilize them into the great place they are now. Uplifted by the passionate American spirit, Texas may soon be the face of the American southerner. With so many positives to this imperialism, there had to be some arguments of negatives, but I am ready to tackle those as well. For example the argument made that a large standing army would create a heavy tax burden can be easily shut down, as much of these taxes can be covered by all of the economic gain that trade will produce from the Philippines. As a said before, if we can annex this territory, our trade is limitless. As I have covered throughout my argument I think it is the obvious choice that we as Americans invest in the idea of imperialism and cherish in the fruits that it would present for us as a Nation.
Republican Senator – Philadelphia
With reason on my side, I concur with a number of my fellow Americans that the United States should not pursue imperialism. The United States cannot possibly expect to take control of other countries and expect to remain the epitome of democracy and freedom, both internationally and internally.
As imperialists take over foreign lands, we crush their culture and take away any opportunity for self-improvement. It has been shown throughout history that forced rule upon another body of people spurs unhappiness and resentment, a blaring example being the British rule of colonial America. Without the British controlling the colonies, America was able to prosper and create a unique culture and form of government that has promoted our interests. Only natives of a land can know what is best for their future, and the United States has no place interfering uninvited.
As a representative for the American people, it is of course my job to not only defend democracy, but also to keep American interests at heart as we are thrown into the future. If the United States continues on an imperialistic path, we put ourselves in a vulnerable situation as the defender for many countries, near and far. This means that we are obligated to protect our territories even if it means war, which could put us in economically unstable situations and threaten our security. Wars are expensive, requiring weapons and ships, which would come from American tax dollars, and soldiers, removed from their families to defend foreign peoples.
American imperialism also means an increased cheap labor force, which hurts the lower and middle class American, taking job opportunities and promoting harmful monopolies.
Although the opportunity to Christianize and capitalize off of foreign people may seem irresistible to many, it must be stopped because of the threats it poses to all involved. The imperialist mission is egotistical, pushing ideals that not all agree with, and will be harmful to small countries and lower class Americans.
My name is Senator Bryce Ulep from my lovely coastal state of Connecticut. Today we have reached a major problem in our society being, imperialism. Imperialism has been the topic of discussion throughout the past couple of years and I believe it should stop today. Our country needs to pick a solid path to stay on and keep on course. I believe that imperialism has some benefits but we should start to stop imperialism as it has some major flaws. Imperialism is good for the U.S. but horrible for other countries and the rest of the world. We look like bullies toward other countries and this makes other countries dislike us which could possibly come around to bite us in the butt. I believe that although the capture of a countries land will help us today it will hurt us tomorrow. This savagery on other humans and demolition of their sacred home ground must be stopped. Americans were not founded on hatred of other yet by immigrants. This is why we should love our other countries. Many people say that imperialism like the Encomienda and slavery can be a “positive good”. They say that Americans are helping by changing their religion, culture, economics, and lifestyles but this could very well be hurting them more than hurting them. If America expanded across the Pacific or Atlantic Ocean and conquered islands like the Philippines and Hawaii is disrespectful and must be stopped. We claim these nations to be “uncivilized” where we are acting like the zoo animals thirsty for the next scrap of food we can get our grubby paws on. I believe we should leave the Philippines and any other islands or pieces of land we are thinking of annexing or conquering alone to save the people and their lifestyles they desire to live. Imperialism can be good in expanding trade and global awareness but overall needs to be stopped due to its altering America’s picture to the world.
If I were a senator back in 1898 when the Treaty of Paris was being voted upon, I would have been a senator for the East Coast and New York Area and I would have been a part of the Republican Party. The Republicans held more of the anti-imperialistic views which caught my attention. Many thought of the American control over the Philippines as ‘doing them right by leading them, since they could not lead themselves’, which I have to disagree with completely because America had no right to assume the island nation could not govern themselves. I would have to say that the part of me who is the Republican senator of the New York region strongly opposes any integration with the island nations, because cheap industrial jobs would have to be shared with the new part of America (If the island nations were accepted as states/territories). But that part of my senator self is the part who is appealing to the masses and the population of industrial workers who were barely keeping their families alive with the jobs they held. My other reason for being an anti-imperialist is much bigger than my nativist perspective, and is about the unnecessary and controlling power that America automatically assumes over nations they see as weaker and inferior. America always thinks they can jump in and control and ‘fix’ other nations who don’t have the same views as America, and this is what the imperialistic American wants. Unfortunately, many think it’s better to have control of the island nations to trade with them, while trading peacefully with them as separate states would do just as much for the American economy. America was once a weak and inferior nation who was harassed and controlled by the British Empire, and you would think that America as a nation would relate their past with what was happening with the Philippines, but that connection was not made ( or was at least not a popular realization).
Being the southern democrat senator I am, I agree with imperialism and definitely think the U.S should embrace becoming an imperialistic nation. America was producing goods at a rate that consumers could not keep up with during the depression. If America were the annex the Phillipeans, trading with other Asian countries would be much easier and boost the American economy. If the United States has control over that country anyways, I personally don’t see the harm in advancing ourselfs by using their raw goods for our benefit. In doing so, we might as well try to spread the Chrisitan faith and americanize them. Filiopinos would be quite managable with regards to how we dealt with the Native Americans. We can use this same method on the Filiopinos by having them not apply to the 14th amendment as well as placing them in American schools. We can teach them the importance of morals and civilization. The United States would indeed appear cowardly to take control over the Philippines just to give back the power we originally took. America is Strong and we will use our strength to grab what was ours to start off with. If we are not to do so, other nations will see the beautiful United States as an easy target, and that just will not do. Because we control these lands, I can’t see a reason as to why we wouldn’t take advantage over them and strengthen our economy. Although some of my peers view this as completely immoral, and threatening our security internally as well as externally, I only see us benefiting from my ideas. President William McKinley, Judge William Howard Taft, Admiral George Dewey, and many other agree with my views, and quite frankly, so should you.
I am the Republican senator from Iowa, Grace Jung, and I am strongly against imperialism. I think that the idea of taking over smaller countries for our nations own benefit is wrong. In the process of increasing our trade and markets, we take away the native’s rights from them. We are a nation known for freedom and our great democratic government. When we are taking over the Philippines, we are not only going against what we stand for but being hypocritical to our own beliefs. We say one thing but do another thing. I am disappointed to see our country go against their own word and giving an excuse as to why we are taking over these countries. Some say that we need to “civilize” them and lay a proper government for them to stand on, but are we really doing that? We are just taking over what the Spanish left for us. America no longer needs to be the world’s police when there is no one to save. We need to let go of the reins a little for the Philippines to find their own independence though their own revolution. I am on a moral stand point in this situation. There are also economic views to this, like the undercut of workers because of the cheap labor in the Philippines. If we do not invade the Philippines then our workers do not have to lose their jobs. If we did invade and establish cheap labor in the Philippines they would not have enough money for their family to pay for food and clothing. We are not only helping ourselves by not establishing cheap labor in the Philippines but helping the natives there. These two main points are not only for the benefit for America but the benefit for other nations, so please fight against imperialism. By doing so you will be helping our nation and the Philippines.
Senator Lesson of Texas,
As a Southern Democrat, I support the idealism of America being a more imperialistic country. I am swayed to the thought of imperialism for several economic, social, and political reasons. Overall, I believe that America needs to represent strength and constructive to other countries. Without American imperialism, we will fall behind European powers which have already expanded in African countries. When addressing imperialism one needs to look at all the benefits of expansion. Firstly, expansion will help create more volume in our economy because of the extremely low prices that it takes to manufacture products in these new territories. Also, expansion will increase the amount of natural resources available to the United States. The Philippines for example have a significant amount of gold and silver as well as a massive surplus of nickel. Not only will expansion help our economy but it will help stimulate other countries because they will now have access to our amazing markets and industries. Secondly, expansion will also help with religious factors too. These natives of islands like the Philippines and Puerto Rico are not as civilized and morally aware as us Americans are. With the help of American influence, more foreigners will be Christianized which calls for better values which in result will make them more civilized and more willing to follow the law. Thirdly, expansion will help more people socially. Since American influence is so large, foreigners will likely learn English which can also help economically too. Additionally, with expansion citizens of other countries might be able to be an American citizen and have political representation if they become a state. Some of the countries that America is interested in obtaining are run by dictators that give no power to the people. Lastly, I strongly disagree with opposing arguments of imperialism. One argument that I disagree with is that annexing countries like the Philippines will bring more unwanted non-white people to America. This thought of white supremacy and racism will not be tolerated in America and overall is not a winning argument. In conclusion, I strongly stand by American imperialism and expansion because it is not only beneficial for our country but for other countries because we will help them eventually rule themselves freely and in a civilized which is almost impossible without American influence.
As a Southern Republican Senator I am all for Imperialism. Expanding our great Country will have many benefits. I agree with all the arguments for imperialism especially with number six. Annexing the Philippines will allow our market to expand outside our borders. Because the Philippines are non-contiguous, it benefits us in a way that we can expand our market to a global or international market. I strongly agree with reason five as well. If we annex the Philippines, we (America) will have a strong market not only in our region of the world, but also in the Asian region of the world. Our market will be better then China and other Asian countries. But some might say this is inhumane and un-American, but I strongly disagree with them. Annexing the Philippines would not take away their rights but rather define them. We are not going to take away their land, but we will simply govern them. They are poorly developed and they just need a big brother country to mentor them on how to run their country. We can even Christianize them as a bonus. And in addition to us helping them govern, we will provide them protection, and what small country would not want protection? America is a great country and why not spread out greatness? Giving back the Philippines to Spain would make us cowards. Giving the Philippines back screams out “we are too weak and disorganized to govern more then ourselves”. It shows weakness and we the people are the opposite of weak. Annexing the Philippines is the first step we will take into imperialism. Many other small countries will see how we improved the Philippines and ask for our help. Yes, there will be conflict and opposition, but I know what is right for the country, and Imperialism is the way to go.
I, Andrew Carnegie, am against the idea of becoming an imperialistic nation. Becoming an imperialistic nation would be very bad for our country. Imperialism in inhumane to a nation and it would cause our country to look worse. We think we know what is right for the Philippines but we really don’t. They would no longer be free and would have to run their country under our rule. America is a free nation so why would we annex the Philippines and take away their freedom and liberty? We would be a nation contradicting our own morals. The idea of becoming an imperialistic nation threatens our nation for more warfare. We would be involved in world politics at that point which causes a higher tension around other nations. I strongly agree that job opportunities would be cut because more cheap labor would be brought in from the Philippines. More competitors would come for more jobs and the average income would fall. I also strongly agree that if we became a nation for imperialism, we would say that we are helping the country and aiding them but realistically we would be taking the nation’s raw materials and resources so benefit our own good. Many of the people in the Philippines will not want to take in our culture and the way we live life. Rebellion for independence would be very likely in this certain environment of imperialism and it’s possible we would have to deal with a revolutionary war. I also agree that we could easily trade without annexing. Trade is very common and we do it all the time so why would we annex when we could just trade normally. We could get the resources that we want without having to take in a whole other countries into our hands. Our army would need to significantly expand. I passionately support the argument of a tax burden happening for the expansion of our army. If we were to annex the Philippines we would need to put army bases and posts in their nation and it would cause tons of money being thrown into creating more buildings, bases, weaponry, etc. The whole idea of turning Into an imperialistic nation would be a bad idea for all of these reasons.
I, Harold S. Mann, a Democratic Senator from Alabama, I believe in and support the country’s decision to pursue imperialism across other countries. First off, our country is suffering from both the overproduction and the under-consumption of goods. In order to fix this crisis, we must expand our global market. By trading and creating a competitive market in countries around the world, the problem of under-consumption will go away, followed instantly by the problem of overproduction. Also, giving the Philippines to Spain would put a bad face on our country. As a global superpower, it is our responsibility to help out those in need. When our country saw Cuba revolting against the Spanish rule, we saw our pre-revolutionary selves in them. We entered Cuba, saved the day, and rescued the Philippines. After we teach the Philippines to run themselves as a democratic nation, we will let them build their own country. We will help the Philippines become a better place. If we give them back to Spain, however, we will have fought for nothing. We will have helped the Philippines become a more democratic country, just to send them right back to where they started. Another extreme would be to allow the Philippines to be an independent nation right away. With no experience on running themselves, they would be an unorganized, irresponsible, failing nation. Instead, us Americans, as a global superpower, should teach them to succeed. We should serve as something to fall back on should something not work. After we teach them how to become a democratic, civilized, Christian nation, we can let them be independent. Not until then, however, will the Philippines show success in any aspect of their nation. There is no plausible argument against Imperialism, as we have no desire to make a profit off of any of our missions. By leading by example and teaching other countries the ways of America, we will make the world a better place.
I, senator Walt, from the great state of Alabama, fully and strongly support imperialism as an American policy. Being a southern Democrat, I know first hand the production capabilities of these United States. Our output rate for goods is higher than any other nation, and we need the raw materials to keep up with this production. By annexing the Philippines, we can open up trade to all of Asia making these raw materials easier and cheaper to access. With unlimited raw materials and the great technologies of our nation working together, our economy will flourish for years to come. However maintaining the status of a world superpower cannot only be done through economy. With imperialism, we can obtain and maintain the Philippines. By doing this, we can show our power while also having this new trade option available. Not annexing them would portray us as a weak nation. This appearance would cause us trouble with lack of respect in trade, loss of land that could otherwise be ours, and loss of a nation that needs our help to civilize.
I believe in the great potential that America holds, and the only way to bring out this potential is through imperialism. The citizens of the United States should always come first and the annexation of the Philippines would help them significantly. By obtaining more raw materials, (which, in my opinion is the biggest benefit) and production goes up, so does the demand for workers. Americans from all over can earn a consistent salary by working in production. At the same time, the Filipino people can christianize and join the American culture without having the same rights as white people. Finally, our great civilization should act as a template for the primitive third world nations that lack order and need to be shown our good Christian American values.
As a Republican senator from Massachusetts, I am against imperialism and the expansion of the United States overseas. The belief that we will be civilizing these nations is absurd, and is just a pretext so that we can have these lands’ resources and loot. We could trade with these countries, which boost their economy and our economy, and we would be able to get their resources all the same, except that their people and government would thrive because of it. If we produce more than we can consume, we can lower our prices to make our products more appealing to other countries, which would include these countries we are trying to get control of, and we would still get their resources. I do not believe that if imperialism does occur that we will end up like Spain, a shriveling power, because of the industry that is booming in the continental nation, and the sound and stable constitution and government that exists in our country at this time, but I do believe that people will rebel and will not want to adopt our ways at the expense of theirs, a completely normal thought process. This would show that they would be unhappy, and we cannot say that their cultures are uncivilized just because they are different, as we did with the Native Americans. Cultures and ways of life can be civilized even if they are not Christian, there is no need for us there. Even if they did need help, for example, economically, it would be in their best interest and in ours as a trade partner to loan them money to help them support themselves, to thrive an independent nation, with their own people and government. We, especially us, should know this, starting off originally as thirteen colonies that were fleeing from religious persecution, and looking for economic opportunity. Our countries persecuted us, forcing us to leave, and now we shouldn’t force our laws onto different nations, and we shouldn’t Christianize them, or we are becoming just like the governments of the nations we came from. We shouldn’t mess with imperialism, especially with the Philippines, because we would get involved with in trouble in East Asia that has nothing to do with us. These reasons should be enough to justify not expanding the empire. Morally doing this would go against everything this country stands for, it would be just like taxation without representation for these people under our control. But even for us, this would make it much harder to hold an army, which would need to be larger, stronger, and cover a larger area. Even with this army, the Philippines will be hard to hold, close to Japan, and all of East Asia, as well as far from us, which means reinforcements and troops would take a long time to arrive oin time of war. This would increase our debt, especially in the future. The economic reasons do however make a little more sense for this imperialism, as it is true it would be easier to trade with a Philippines we control, but we can do the same with an independent one, even if it is a little less convenient as we can’t control as much of the economy, but we cannot compromise our moral values for this small convenience that would benefit us, and not necessarily the countries we would be controlling.
I am a Northern Republican and am against Imperialism. It goes against everything this country stands for and makes a hypocrite out of America. I believe with reason #1 against Imperialism; it is immoral. Taking over other countries is not giving them liberty and democracy, its forcing them to join a country they don’t believe in. While America says it’s fighting for democracy, it is still not a democracy itself. America takes its pride in liberty and a voice for everyone, but that is not true. Our country has yet to allow women to vote. It has yet to abolish Jim Crow laws and treat blacks as equal to whites. It has yet to respect the Native Americans. Before we spread our country to other parts of the world, we must live up our reputation and make a democracy worthy of accepting other willing countries. The Philippines are not ours and should not be if they do not want to be. Imperialists believe we would be doing them a favor by making them civilized and establishing within them a “democracy” but the Philippines are fine on their own. They would be hurt, not helped by America. They would be isolated from the rest of the country and made to labor for the benefits of those who live on the mainland. They should rule themselves how they see fit because it is their country, not ours.
Other Northerners would say Imperialism is good because it will be another source of raw material for the industrial factories, but those men are selfish. They care only about how the economy benefits them and nothing of how other people are affected. While millions are enslaved in a system where they work in terrible conditions, only these rich monopolists benefit. They do not care about morality; they care about money. They only see Philippines as more money. But the Philippines are a land and a people.
In this year of 1898, the issue of whether America should become an imperialistic country has risen to debate. After careful review of the arguments both for and against imperialism, I, a northern republican have sided with the opinion that America should stay away from the bad outcomes that could result from imperialism. Firstly, I disagree with the notion that it is America’s job to save a people who we feel is unfit to govern and “civilize” themselves. America should mind its own business, leave other countries alone, and focus on its own internal problems. By annexing countries, we are snatching away their natural born right to freedom bad no one ever sits back and lets their country be conquered by another country in the name of “saving” a people that don’t need it. Annexation leads to war as the people of the country conquered will naturally feel oppressed and revolt. This will cause America to become a near mirror image of Spain and its use of imperialistic abuse due to its great power as a country. America cannot force down its beliefs and culture on anyone despite what some may believe. Secondly, if the Philippines is annexed it would be bad for the average American worker because Filipinos would become a source of cheap labor for companies, therefore causing a higher rate of unemployment in American workers. Is this fair to our hardworking American people? I think not. Along with unemployment, the annexation would become a heavy tax burden on America due to the fact that we would now need a large standing army that we didn’t need before. Lastly, Imperialism has gathered a negative opinion from me because it is simply immoral. We say that America is the great celebrator of human liberty and freedom, but we find ourselves in the situation where we are saying what is best for a whole different country, whether they are right below us, geographically, or across the world. Imperialism is just completely and utterly shameful and wrong, and I refuse to support it to become a part of the American society.
Hello, I am Senator Blau, and I am a Southern Democrat in 1898. I strongly believe that expansion and imperialism are the number one key to success for our country. The ideas that appeal to me the most are 3, 5,6, and 8. Though some citizens are worried about an increase in these Filipino minorities in our country, they really shouldn’t be as the Filipinos will not be forced as our citizens, and will be taught to self-governed by us. Clearly they are similar to how the Native American were to us. When conquering the Natives land, it is obvious that it has been going better over here, so who says the same won’t happen with the Philippines? We can use the exact same methods to convert the Filipinos like we did the Native American. Christianity would include benefits such as, helping them get better morals and lifestyles. This would really be good for these people to at least notice and find themselves better. Though, we shouldn’t exactly force our culture onto these people. I personally see it potentially happening. When we do have this land, we will not force upon the people culture, religion, or citizenship. They will be left to do whatever like the Indians were. Also this land will greatly benefit our entire economy. We can use this land for more uses than the Filipinos ever had. This would lead to us getting more resources from it. Also adding onto help with our economy, if we annex it, we can get better trade with far away places like Asia, better yet China. This will increase our world power and increase the respect other countries have for us. Also ensuring that we will not fall behind other nations like Europe who also expanded into Asia. In conclusion, expansion and imperialism are important for our nation to thrive in this world.
Howdy, fellow citizen of th’ free world! I’m Aaron Stottlemyer (just imagine me in really big cowboy clothes with a really bad accent but with a tie), a southern democrat from the lil’ ol’ town of Huston, Texas, and I’m here to tell you why we need t’ push for good ol’ imperialism. America, as we all know, is th’ best country in the world, an’ I wholeheartedly believe that it is th’ will o’ God up in heaven to make this country prosper. Now, my opposition seems t’ be under th’ impression that imperializing islands is an’ “immoral” and “unjust action”. Well, to that I must say: my opponents are a bunch a’ wimps who don’t know a thing about perspective. First of all, there ain’t nothin’ immoral ‘bout helping a country in need of a better government. As the fourth point is fixin’ t’ point out, America is a prospering nation which has thrived on expansion. If we as a nation restrict our own growth, we shall never see ourselves prosper beyond what we currently have. Hell, we ain’t jes’ benefitin’ from th’ new land – We’re assisting each n’ every one o’ th’ countries we liberate. Jes’ look at them Hawaiians, they was jes’ askin’ us to help them break free from their oppressive rulers, jes’ this year! An’ once we did, we saved their economy, our sugar trade thrived, an’ they got to experience the glory o’ democracy! This here brings me t’ my second point – We can’t not take the Philippines; T’ do so, as said in th’ first argument, would leave us in ignominy! We all know what happens when Spain tries a-expandin’ their borders, jes’ look at Mexico! Th’ only reason we have Texas right now was due to the horrible leadership o’ them Spaniards, who’s t’ say how horribly them islands’ll end up if we don’t do somethin’ t’ stop their horrible rule? Hell, we already fought them in previous wars, an’ lost many a-proud American lives! It’d jes’ be disrespectful to their memories if we didn’t do somethin’ to give their deaths a purpose.
Now, I’ve gone n’ said how great of a country the US of A is, but I’d be damned if I said that it couldn’t get better. We’re a new nation, and we’re one of th’ best traders in the goldarn world. Now, I’d like t’ say that I in no way believe that our country can’t keep it’s position in global trade, an’ I do believe that Americans are very resourceful people who can maintain our position – at least for a good while. However, I’d like to point out how cool it’d be if we went out with imperialism and beat China – an’ all of Asia fer’ that matter faster than a prairie fire with a tail wind. Plus Annexin’ sounds like a cool word, so it’d be great t’ have a bunch a-that in our history.
As a southern democrat from Georgia, I support the senate’s decision on imperialism. After listening to arguments for and against imperialism, the pro imperialism arguments appeal to me much more than the anti imperialism arguments. The anti imperialism arguments that stood out to me are, “Can’t we just trade without having to annex other territories?” And “Imperialism would involve the need for a large standing army which would become a heavy tax burden.” While I hate wasting American tax dollars more than most, I truly feel the cost of taking care of our soldiers will be worth it in the long run.
The pro imperialism arguments that stand out to me are, 1, 3, 4 and 5. We Americans cannot afford to give the Philippines back to Spain. It would make us look weak and would make all of the soldiers and the country’s fighting for nothing. Other countries would laugh at us, but if we keep them, it will send a message to the other European countries: Back off. Furthermore, the Philippines are too unstable to govern itself. I worry that without the United States help establishing a democratic government and installing good Christian values, the country will turn into anarchy.
Additionally, I believe the best form of defense known to man is offense, in life, you either annex or you get annexed. We need to keep our country moving forward, we can’t afford to remain stationary. If we don’t continue to move forward, it will be another country who will have this exact debate over what to do with OUR country and we can not allow that to happen.
In addition to our image around the world, we will be able to establish strong trade posts there and thus allowing us to control the trade in China and all of Asia. This will open us up to new markets and new customers, ultimately benefiting the American economy. Finally, as we are becoming a major super power across the globe, the final step for us to become invincible is to expand and control trade where we didn’t before.
Hello, I am a Democratic senator Kroll from Mississippi. I strongly argue for imperialism, and I believe imperialism is for our all countries best interest. I do not believe that the countries we have seized such as the Philippines know how to correctly run a government themselves, and with the help of the US they could grow to as much success as the states. Another large reason why I believe in imperialism is because it offers more land. With more land comes more resources, economic possibility, and power. There’s endless possibility with new land. This will boost not only the countries original economy but also America’s economy. We could also use the new countries for navy bases in upcoming wars, or for trading posts to trade with Asia. Also along with the large amount of land gained, we would also gain an entire new work force for an entire country. The newly annexed lands members would not gain full citizenship and would not be allowed to vote due to the fact that they are uneducated and we (American citizens), know what is in their best interest. The newly annexed countries are run by nearly savages and its citizens need to be civilized. They also need to be taught in the ways of the lord, and need to be Christianized. Another reason for imperialism is that, the Philippines will be captured one way or another, so not attempting to seem powerful is discreditable. My final reason for keeping the Philippines is that if we did give the Philippines back we would seem cowardly. If one of the smallest and weakest countries could defeat the US, it gives the message that anyone can. In the end, I, Senator Jacob A Kroll, believe that the Philippine’s should be seized and kept. Thank you.
As a Democrat from Georgia, I feel that it is necessary and good for America to overtake and help the peoples of the Philippines. These are peoples who were controlled by the Spanish for far too long; and, we rightfully won the war against the Spanish. To give back what we fought for would be spineless and cowardly, as well as generally immoral. Many Americans (and Southerners) fought and died in that war, and as such, it would be a disgrace and dishonor to their memories to give back the Spanish the land they faithfully fought for. If we were to give back the islands, it would send a message to Spain that they can get away with the atrocities that they have committed, including the sinking of our proud vessel, the U.S.S. Maine. And if Spain thinks we are weak, then so will the rest of Europe, and we will have to fight even harder to protect our side of the globe from the other nations of Europe. Also, everyone knows that the peoples of the Philippines are not fit to govern themselves. They have been under Spanish rule for so long, that they would have no idea how to govern themselves as a sovereign nation. As soon as we let them free, they would destroy their country and come back to us begging for guidance. It is our duty as the great democracy of the world to help these peoples learn self-government. So, we must extend a helping hand in being their government for a time before they can learn the ways of democracy and independence to become their own nation. Also, we must not forget that it is our God given right to take over and expand our empire and land. God gave us our western territories; we expanded and created a successful farming society there, so we can also utilize the islands to help with more farming and trade. Many great nations have fallen from indecision and weak will, so we must make the correct decision. We must take the Philippine islands.
I am a Republican Senator from New Jersey. I fully believe that the U.S. should be against imperialism. After looking through the arguments for both sides of the imperialism issue, I can wholeheartedly state that the U.S must stay away from the horrors of imperialism. Imperialism hurts other nations more than it benefits America. As another nation struggles, our economy rises. According to the American morals of freedom and opportunity we should not triumph if another nation suffers. We try to be the nation that is open to anyone and frees people from oppression. But, if we fall into imperialism we will gain wealth from oppressing others. That is very hypocritical of our nation’s morals. We do see that nations like Cuba or the Philippines are yearning for freedom, but if we free them and then state that we are the greater power over them we become the same as the nation we just kicked out of power. Pro-imperialists will argue that the nations like Cuba and the Philippines need someone to rule or guide them once free, but that just interferes with their development. We must leave them alone so they can learn to prosper on their own and develop. Many pro-imperialists also believe that our input helps civilize a nation. Civilizations can exist in many different forms. They do not have to be Anglosaxon; they can be their own type with their own unique differences. If we really need to liberate these smaller nations, why do we need to keep our troops there if we are just seeking trade? All this could possibly amount to is another global conflict. We do not need to completely annex another nation just to trade with them. Most nations do not want a greater power ruling them. Think of what happened during our own revolution from Great Britain. We were sick of their influence, taxes, and oppression. So, we rebelled and eventually won our freedom. As I stated before, this would be highly hypocritical; having control over another nation like Britain did to us is wrong. The U.S workers will suffer from imperialism because there will be so much cheap labor from the small country that the people in the homeland will be exploited and worked harder for lesser wages. People in the home-country will begin to have less money and could starve from this. Finally, people will also be taxed more in America because our nation will have to raise a larger military to keep control of the smaller nation. Paying for more military with taxes will be a larger burden on the Americans who are now also being exploited in their jobs due to cheaper work overseas. This is all because of imperialism. It is horrible to impose this on other nations and hurts us as well.
My name is Henry Van Faussien and I am a Republican Senator from the great state of Wisconsin. I think that imperialism is immoral and the United States should not partake in immoral practices. Is America so great that we have the right to be the police of the world. Our own country needs to be protected. In every civilization there have been conquerors that have tried to expand their empires by going in kicking out the man in charge, and all of these conquerors have obviously failed. America should use history as a lesson and stay home think a little selfishly. Another issue is ruffling feathers. Countries that stay home, and keep to themselves do not create enemies. When we go out of our way to “save” countries from overlords the whole world is not going to like that. Another problem is do the native people even want us there. Our predominantly white armies going to a country of Filipinos makes us stand out quite a bit. Not all will welcome us and some will resent us which does not look good. Finally, why do we need to takeover these countries. We can advise without using force to reform a country. If we become their friends than we will build trust and be able to change them with our advise. We can trade without having to make it our own territory.
As a republican senator from Ohio, I am strongly in favor of American expansion. We shall no longer sit idle while the oppressive Spanish continue their rule over the Philippines. To back away from our quest now at such a crucial point would be cowardly, and what kind of message would it convey to the rest of the world about America? Are we a weak nation who cannot even manage the annexation of such a small area of land as the Philippines? Are we a passive nation, who looks the other way in the face of Spanish tyranny and oppression? Or are we a strong nation, one who gains power, and fights for the freedom of all the people in the world, and spreads our way of life—the correct way of life—to those countries who are so unfortunate as to not have the blessings of civilization and capitalism within their borders.
Any great country, from time to time, needs a new goal for which to strive, to keep it healthy and prosperous. A nation who sits around and makes no attempt to expand is a nation who falls behind in world politics, and watches helplessly while other nations gain more land, more influence, and more power. This great nation would expand, and with it, our markets. Annexing the islands creates a new market, and gives us access to many more raw materials.
Since the day this great nation was created, back in the eighteenth century, we have had our eye on new land. First it was the Ohio valley, then it was the west, and with each new acquisition our wealth and power increased exponentially. I ask you now: why should this expansion stop at the pacific coast? We must extend our influence to beyond our continental borders, and carry on the mission of spreading our influence, and way of life. Gentleman, this great country stands at this brink of greatness, and all it needs is your push—your vote—to push it over the edge
As a senator of this great land of liberty I personally am an advocate for the party of equality and the great Abraham Lincoln; the Republican Party. I’m from the north and as a man of the people I am strongly against imperialism. Imperialism is against our country’s moral beliefs. It goes against all of our ideals of human freedom and although we think we know what’s best for the Filipinos who are we to decide what’s best for them? Didn’t Britain think they knew what was best for us as well? Also, although it is our Christian duty to spread God’s word to those ignorant to it such as the noble duty we did for the Native Americans we can’t populate someone else’s region. This could cause a large increase in the amount of immigrants once they’re allowed to come here which I think we all can agree is more of a curse than a blessing. I know that many of our businesses can benefit from this influx of laborers however it seems that we have too many to handle already. With the ignorance of cheap labor and the competition of more immigrants comes the violence and God knows we need no more strikes and protests. Also if we’re too direct in our approach to civilize the Filipino people they may reject our ways leaving us as crumbled and shriveled up as Spain is since it’s constantly trying to suppress a rebelling people. Not only that, but we still barely have fully civilized the Natives within our own land, a task that as we all know has been tiresome and dreary since the very day we discovered the New World. We share a land with the Natives, but to try to civilize and teach from across the sea will leave us as unsuccessful as England was at controlling us. In conclusion, to remain with our principles of freedom and equal rights, and to remain peaceful and not unsuccessful in our efforts we shouldn’t pursue imperialism because the cost is greater than the reward.
There are many reasons why America should be an imperialist nation. As a Southern Democrat I am all for it. Spreading out where our national borders lie is very good for many aspects of this country. Raw materials is in demand for this country. So is the need for consumption of products made. We are over producing and not consuming. With more people in our nation we would be able to sell these products to people who don’t have them. Annexation of the Philippines would put America into a position to dominate trade with China and the rest of Asia. we would be closer to these countries making trade with them easier. We would save money on having those said countries closer to us to save money on resources traveling for longer times. In addition bringing on the Filipinos would be good for them because their independence was irresponsible because they are unfit to rule themselves. This way we can christianize them and civilize them to be more fit to rule themselves. All of these are reasons why becoming an imperialist nation would be good for the United States of America and the other countries we annex.